CATDOLL: The official website of "Maria the Immaculate" has released a collection of terms. Follow the animation to experience the wars in the Middle Ages in Europe

After Shirobako brought us behind-the-scenes knowledge about animation, Maria No Satoshi presented us with a picture of medieval wars. Although there are many animations with the Middle Ages as the background, there are only a few that give a terminology introduction on the official website. How much do you know about the wars in Europe? We can't talk about history like Mr. Yuan Tengfei, but we can still learn about it by following the animation. Maybe we won't have to bother the subtitler's annotations in the future.

Official website of "Immaculate Maria"

1. Archer's Stakes（アーチャーズ・ステークス）

One of the tactics used by archers using longbows to fight against cavalry. It was common in the Hundred Years' War between England and France and the War of the Roses in England. The position was surrounded by tilted wood with sharpened heads to build a wall to block the cavalry, and archers inside shot arrows at the enemy. It is said that King Henry V of England learned this trick from the Turkish guards in the Battle of Nicopolis in 1395, and it led to a great victory for the English army in the Battle of Agincourt in 1415.

In the animation, Galfa and others risked their lives to remove the pointed wooden stakes stuck in the ground during the battle in order to allow the French cavalry that arrived later to pass smoothly.

2. Henry Beaufort

The name spoken by the witch was a priest with great political influence in the English royal family. He became famous for his participation in the trial of Joan of Arc, and his English name is "Henry Beaufort".

Henry was born in 1377 in Anjou, England, now in the Loire region of France. He became a priest in his youth and was appointed Lord Chancellor by King Henry IV of England in 1403. He also began to show his political talents. He also served as Bishop of Winchester and Cardinal. He was active in politics until his death in 1447.

3. Military monastic priests

The monk who appeared in the first episode of the anime was not the commander of the army, but a clergyman who accompanied the army. The Kingdom of France officially recognized the status of clergymen who accompanied the army in the 11th century during the reign of Louis IX in the "Saint Louis" era. But before that, for example, during the First Crusade, there were clergymen who led the People's Crusade.

The monk who appeared in the first episode of the animation serves as a priest to bless and pray for the soldiers participating in the battle.

4. Agincourt sign（アジンコート・サイン）

In the first episode, an English soldier made a hand gesture to Galfa and his men. This hand gesture was a popular provocative gesture at the time. However, this hand gesture with only the index and middle fingers extended is also said to be the origin of the current "Peace/Victory" hand gesture (commonly known as the scissor hand).

Legend has it that this gesture was made between English soldiers and Welsh archers during the Battle of Agincourt on October 25, 1415. The Welsh archers at that time had to use their index and middle fingers to pull the bowstring, so this gesture meant "I'm going to cut off these two fingers of yours."

5. Prostitutes

In medieval wars in Europe, women and children sometimes accompanied the army to cook for the soldiers, take care of the wounded, etc. In the first episode, the English soldiers captured by Galfa and others were sent to the rear of the French army by Lolotte and others. In medieval wars, battlefield plundering, escorting prisoners, and supporting military stations were also very important.

In the late 15th century after the Hundred Years' War, according to research on the emerging German mercenary group "Landsknecht", it was not uncommon for soldiers to bring their wives and children with them to march with the army, which shows that women and children also formed a community with the army.