CATDOLL: Experience the third episode of the Central European War with "Immaculate Maria"

The third episode of "Immaculate Maria" has been aired, and our new "explanation of terms" is here again. Although I can't tell you all the knowledge in this season, the more the better. After all, it doesn't hurt to know more about these humanities and history. Today we still appreciate the style of medieval Europe from four keywords.

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1. Seafood in Medieval Europe

When it comes to the diet in medieval Europe, many people's first reaction is that it is mainly meat-based. Although this is true, in fact, the diet at that time was more diverse. Especially at that time, animal husbandry was not well developed, and there was always a limit to the breeding of livestock, so fish became one of the very important foods besides meat, especially when the Lent prescribed by the church arrived, not to mention meat, even the intake of eggs and dairy products was strictly restricted, so people's attention naturally turned to fish. Therefore, industries such as dried, pickled, smoked and roasted herring and cod developed, and a transportation network was established in the inland area. Especially for monks, in principle, monks are forbidden to eat meat, but in order to ensure their own source of protein intake, they also established fish farms in the monastery.

2. The Hair of Bellunar and Gilberu

Speaking of the monks of the Roman Church in the Middle Ages, they all had a hairstyle with their heads shaved and the hair on the sides left in a round shape (commonly known as the central minister today). This is what Central Europeans called "tongue-shaving", which was used to distinguish ordinary people from clergy. There are many theories about the origin of this hairstyle, such as sects, etc. This head shape also varies with the changes of the times and regions. Tracing back to the origin, this hairstyle should have first appeared in Gaul. Today, this tonsure has been abolished, and instead, clergy wear a small melon hat (zucchetto) to indicate their identity.

3. Court for Pigs

It seems like a joke, but it is actually true. From the 12th to the 18th century in Europe, animals, like humans, could appear in court as defendants. This usually happens when an animal harms or kills civilians. When appearing in court, the animal also has defense lawyers and witnesses (all of whom are humans, of course), and the case is handled according to normal legal procedures. There are historical records of animals such as pigs, cows, dogs, and mice appearing in court. What's more, insects such as grasshoppers and weevils have also been invited to appear. Although... it is indeed a little funny, it also shows that Europeans have attached great importance to legal concepts since the Middle Ages.

4. Honey and the Monastery

In medieval Europe, due to limited technology, artificial light sources were not as advanced as they are today, so the nights were very dark. Moreover, the price of lighting measures such as oil lamps and candles at that time was very high. Only when grand ceremonies were held in monasteries or other places could the scene of bright lights be seen. So in order to save costs and allow ordinary people to use these things, someone invented "honey wax" made from honey and candles made from it. The development of beekeeping in the Middle Ages also began after the monks improved this technology. In addition, because its burning speed is equal, some people have made clocks based on it.